Sedimentary structures

Third edition

John Collinson Consultant, formerly University of Bergen and Keele University
Nigel Mountney Keele University
David Thompson Keele University (retired)

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FROM REVIEWS OF EARLIER EDITIONS
“It is a well organized book . . . excellent value . . . and can be recommended for students without serious reservation.” Nature
Sedimentary structures is an excellent introductory textbook . . . and it should provide interesting reading for the non-sedimentologist who needs a basic understanding of sedimentary structures.” Bulletin, American Association of Petroleum Geologists


Now available as a thoroughly revised third edition, Sedimentary structures assuredly reconfirms its status of as a major textbook in elementary sedimentology. First published in 1982, it sets out clearly a methodology and philosophy for understanding present-day sediments and sedimentary rocks as the products of dynamic processes.

Sedimentary structures introduces depositional and also post-­depositional sedimentary processes in an easily accessible way and shows how sedimentary structures across a wide range of scales can be interpreted in terms of those processes. Sedimentary structures produced by erosion, deposition and post-depositional change are all clearly explained and related to the processes that formed them. Hydrodynamic and aerodynamic controls on the development of sub-aqueous and aeolian bedforms are discussed, as are the styles of deformation to which sediments can be subjected after depo­sition. Structures that characterize depo­sition caused by chemical and biologically influenced processes are explained and illustrated, as are the complex effects of chemical changes and of animal and plant activity in modifying sediments after they have been deposited. The book ends with an introduction to the methods and ­principles of environmental interpretation for which it provides an invaluable basis.

The third edition represents a major revision of the earlier editions, with several chapters mostly rewritten. Particular attention has been paid to recent advances in the understanding of aeolian processes and bedforms and in the interpretation of trace fossils. The introduction to environmental interpretation has also been developed to reflect the recent advances in stratigraphical thinking. Many of the illustrations, both photographs and line drawings, are new and the reference lists have been thoroughly upated and rationalized.

Sedimentary structures is designed for undergraduate settings and will be of use to geology, physical geography and environmental science students throughout their degree studies. It will also appeal to amateur geologists who want to gain a basic understanding of sedimentary pro­cesses and products. The book is characterized by its abundance of fine illustrations and by its emphasis on a practical, hands-on approach. It remains indispensible to anyone with a serious interest in the study of sedimentary structures as not only fascinating features in themselves but also as key indicators in the reconstruction of past environments.


John Collinson, formerly Professor of Sedimentology at the University of Bergen, now runs his own geological consultancy company. Nigel Mountney is Lecturer in Sedimentology at Keele University. David Thompson has now retired after many years as Senior Lecturer in the School of Education at Keele University.

Contents

Preface, Acknowledgements

Introduction

The nature of this book; The wider geological context; Sedimentary structures and science; Study techniques

Bedding

The nature of bedding; The significance of bedding; Study techniques

Basic properties of fluids, flows and sediment

Introduction; Properties of low-viscosity fluids and flows; Waves; Properties of sediments moved by flows; Erosion; Modes of sediment transport; Sediment gravity flows; Pyroclastic density currents; Study techniques

Erosional structures

Introduction; Sole marks; Small-scale structures on modern and ancient upper surfaces; Erosional features in vertical section; Study techniques

Depositional structures in muds, mudstones and shales

Introduction; Structures and lamination; Study techniques

Depositional structures of sands and sandstones

Ripples and cross lamination; Aqueous dunes, sandwaves, bars and cross bedding; Aeolian dunes and cross bedding; Flat beds and parallel lamination; Undulating smooth surfaces and lamination; Hummocky and swaley cross stratification; Massive sand and sandstone beds; Normally graded beds, inverse grading and the Bouma sequence; Study techniques

Depositional structures in gravels, conglomerates and breccias

Introduction; Problems of classification; Morphology and general settings of gravel deposition; Structures and other descriptive features:mode of formation; Processes of formation of mass properties and structures; Uses of structures; Study techniques

Depositional structures of chemical and biological origin

Introduction; Chemical precipitation; Precipitation and binding of sediment by organisms; Early cementation; Other bedding phenomena in limestones; Study techniques

Structures created by deformation and disturbance

Introduction; Physically induced soft-sediment deformation; Chemically induced disturbance; Biogenic sedimentary structures: trace fossils; Study techniques

Assemblages of structures and environmental interpretation

Introduction; Mapping of modern environments; Measurement of sections in rock sequences; Interpretation of vertical sequences in rocks; Key stratigraphical surfaces; Interpretation of lateral relationships in sedimentary rocks; Study techniques

Appendix 1 Directional data: collection, display, analysis and interpretation; Appendix 2 Sampling and preserving unconsolidated sediments; Appendix 3 Methods for studying present-day environments; Appendix 4 Techniques for the study of trace fossils; Appendix 5 Techniques for sedimentary logging; Appendix 6 Key to common sedimentary lithologies and structures
Bibliography, Index

 

236×219mm 304pp.
ISBN: 1-903544-19-X PB £24.95
ISBN-13 978-1-903544-19-8
2006
Subject: Earth science: sedimentology

 

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